Gynecology and Obstetrics Pathology

Reproductive Medicine

A branch of medicine that specializes in fertility preservation, diagnosing and treating infertility, and other reproductive problems. Reproductive medicine also deals with issues related to puberty, menopause, contraception (birth control), and certain sexual problems. Reproductive medicine has allowed the development of artificial reproductive techniques (ARTs) which have allowed advances in overcoming human infertility, as well as being used in agriculture and in wildlife conservation. A significant part of Reproductive Medicine involves promoting fertility in both men and women. For fertility issues, this may involve assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) or fertility medication. There are surgical methods that can be used as treatment however these are now performed less frequently due to the increasing success of the less invasive techniques. Treatment is also required for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). These can take the form of antibiotics for bacterial infections such as chlamydia or highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for the HIV virus. The use of reproductive medical treatments has become increasingly routine in recent years. There are different Process which are given below:

Caesarean section

Diagnostic hysteroscopy

Diagnostic laparoscopy

Hysteroscopic surgery

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis

Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis

Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy

Laparoscopic salpingectomy

Laparoscopic salpingostomy

Myomectomy

The branch of medicine dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and management of reproductive problems is known to be reproductive medicine. The aim of reproductive medicine is to improve and maintain the quality of reproductive health. The knowledge of reproductive medicine is based on reproductive anatomy, endocrinology, physiology and pathology. If the topic of reproductive medicine is considered, it can be further sub-divided into prenatal medicine and postnatal medicine. The issues addressed in reproductive medicine are sexual education, family planning, reproductive system diseases, birth control, infertility and sexual dysfunction. Ovulation, pregnancy, menstruation, menopause and other gynaecological problems are also assessed under reproductive medicine.