Track 1: Gynecology and Obstetrics Pathology:

Gynecology is a branch of medicine that discusses regarding women’s health especially during the time of pregnancy and childbirth. Gynecology and Obstetrics represents the diagnostic procedures, maternal-fetal medicine, reproductive endocrinology, infertility and gynecologic oncology. Gynecology & Obstetrics is the medical and surgical specialty area that especially focuses on the research prospectus of reproductive system in females that includes HELLP Syndrome in Pregnancy, Gallbladder disorder, Myometrial invasion, Myxoid leiomyosarcoma, Sexual Transmitted Disease. General Obstetrics and Gynecology provide care to women of all ages and in all Stages of life. A physician Suggests precautionary steps and screenings, contraceptive counseling, pre-conception and obstetric care, management of gynecologic problems, menopause care. Obstetrics Pathology is the study of diseases involves during pregnancy and childbirth and the postpartum period.

• Pathology of vagina
• Cervical Pathology
• Pathology of Uterus
• Pathology of Fallopian tube
• Pathology of Ovaries
• Pathogenesis of Ovarian Cancer
• Complications of Previable Pregnancy
• Pregnancy with abortive outcome
• Complications of labour
• Gestational Diseases and the Placenta

Track 2: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS):

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal problem in generally women in reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have unusual or late menstrual periods. It  is a Health problem that affects 1 in 10 women of childbearing age. Women with PCOS have a hormonal imbalance and metabolism issues that may affect their total health and appearance. PCOS problem in common in now  a days and treatable. The reason of PCOS is exactly  not known till date, it appears that PCOS may be associated to many different factors working together. These factor includes insulin resistance, enhanced levels of hormones called androgens, and an irregular menstrual cycle. There are three tests Doctors usually recommends i.e  A pelvic exam, Blood tests, An ultrasound, for PCOS problem.

Track 3: Ultrasound and Genetics:

Ultrasound is done at the time of pregnancy to track the development of the fetus in the mother’s womb. Obstetric ultrasounds use high-frequency sound waves to generate an image on a screen of the baby in the mother's uterus. Ultrasound  gives the information of  the heartbeat of the foetus, the radius of the head, the length of the hands and feet  and also his/her height and weight, Detect anatomical defects or problems,Determine gender, Check placenta positioning, Evaluate fetal growth and development. While the Sonography reports in the first trimester gives information about the fetal heartbeat and examines the placenta, uterus, ovaries, cervix, checks for multiple pregnancies, the sonography done in the second and third trimester reveals much significant criteria like placental abruption, placental previa, and characteristics of Down ’s syndrome if there are any possibilities. Gynecologic ultrasounds are also available for non pregnant women with certain conditions such as abdominal or pelvic pain or irregular bleeding.

• Ultrasound
• looking into the genetic conditions of parents and as a consequence the possibilities in the baby
• Fetal Anomalies
• Clinical Utility of foetal echocardiography

Track 4:  Gynecology and Infectious disease:

 Gynaecologic Infectious Diseases mainly focuses on diagnosing and treating infections that impact a woman’s gynecologic and reproductive health. The infections may effect the female reproductive tract and female genitalia, infections during pregnancy, pelvic infections, post-operative infections, and sexually transmitted infections. These infections happen during pregnancy and their severity increases with the development of pregnancy in most cases. Infections during pregnancy can cause a threat to the fetus. Even a simple urinary tract infection, which is normally occur during the time of pregnancy, should be treated as early as possible. An infection that goes untreated can cause to preterm labor and rupture of the membranes surrounding the fetus.

Track 5: Reproductive Endocrinology:

Reproductive Endocrinology is a division in gynecology and Obstetrics which guides professionals in the field of reproductive medicine, hormonal dysfunction at the time of pregnancy as well as it deals with the problem of infertility among couples. Reproductive endocrinologists not only treat people those who are affected by infertility but also treat patients with hormonal disorders. Regulation and exact functioning of the endocrine system is very important for the human body. Improper secretion of hormones leads to so many problems in pregnancy. Dysfunction of  reproductive hormones is one of the common reasons for infertility among men and women. Hormonal  changes not only affects the human body but also the human mind to a large extent. When pregnancy is taken into account several of hormones constitutively affects the development of the baby during embryogenesis and the mother, including human chorionic gonadotrophin and progesterone. Over activity or under activity of the hormonal glands in our body causes various diseases like Diabetes, Thyroid, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hirsutism, and Virilism and so on. The onset of puberty menstrual cycle and menopause is all proper to the endocrine system functioning in our body.

Track 6: Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery:

Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery has been appropriate among the doctors as another in wide-ranging surgical procedures. In case of simply invasive gynaecologic surgery there are various advantages   to it. The advantages being shorter period of stay at the hospital decreased analgesic requirements, faster recovery, and lower intra-operative and post-operative problems and improved quality of life. The usage of laproscopy has been wide for the management of  benign gynaecologic  conditions such as treatment and assessment of endometriosis and benign adnexal masses. These surgeries reconstruct the vagina and the other female genitalia which have been destructed by chemotherapies and radiation.

Track 7: Reproductive Medicine:

The branch of medicine dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and management of reproductive problems  is known to be reproductive medicine. The aim of reproductive medicine is to improve and maintain the quality of reproductive health. The knowledge of reproductive medicine is based on reproductive anatomy, endocrinology, physiology and pathology. If the topic of  reproductive medicine is taken into account it can be extra sub-divided into prenatal medicine and postnatal medicine. The issues addressed in reproductive medicine are sexual education, family planning, reproductive system diseases, birth control, infertility and sexual dysfunction. Ovulation, pregnancy, menstruation, menopause and other gynaecological problems are also assessed under reproductive medicine.

Track 8: Pre and Post partum care:

‘Care’ is word that is related to all stages of conceiving a child. Nine months of delivery can be divided into three phases and that is pre-partum care, Intra-partum care and postpartum care. In the primary stages that  is the pre-partum the expecting mother for the various pathology and radiological assessments in order to keep a constant focus on the development of the foetus in her womb. This makes it easy to find complications in pregnancy like preclampsia, eclampsia, miscarriages, bleeding etc. Immunization of the mother is of core importance as this protects the foetus from many deadly diseases. After conceiving and most important up to the delivery of the baby, the body of the mother undergoes changes and so does her psychological state of mind. Post partum care is primarily important to the newly born baby as well as the mother. Breastfeeding is of the most important key parameter postpartum care.

• Preclampsia
• Eclampsia
• Iso immunization
• Third trimester bleeding
• Abortion
• Breastfeeding
• Postpartum depression
• Puerperal fever
• Miscarriage
• Failure in development of organs in foetus
• Decine in function of foetal organs while in womb

Track 9: Urogynecology :

Urogynaecology is a branch of gynaecology. Urogynaecologists are especially   trained medical professionals who treat clinical problems related to dysfunction of the pelvic floor and bladder. In some countries Urogynaecology is also called as Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery. Some of the disorders in pelvic floor includes urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and faecal incontinence. Other conditions where urogynaecology is practised are Cystocele, Enterocele, Female Genital Prolapse, Lichen sclerosus, Overactive Bladder and Rectovaginal fistula. In modern times, Urogynaecologists are answerable for the care of women who encounter trauma to the perineum during childbirth. Some of the tests which are performed in urogynaecologic pathology including Cystourethroscopy, urodynamic testing and Ultrasound. Urogynecologic problems are not life harming, but they do have a major impact on the body of the individuals.

Track 10: Obstetrics and Obstetricians

Obstetrics is the branch of medicine and surgery that deals with childbirth. This field of science concentrates itself on all the aspects of childbirth and its aftercare. Obstetricians deal with prenatal and postnatal care, foetal assessments done during the entire span of pregnancy i.e. ultrasounds and TVS done during the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. Obstetricians also look after the safety of the foetus during the ultrasounds. Foetal assessment includes obstetric ultrasonography to detect ectopic pregnancy, computerized tomography, fetal screening, foetal haematocrit, foetal karyotype, oxytocin challenge test. All the steps and processes during induction and labour like disturbance in  rupturing of the amniotic membranes, intravenous infusion of synthetic oxytocin, cervical insertion of a 30 ml Foley catheter are all done by the obstetricians, supported by the midwife. There are various complications that come during pregnancy like foetal distress, shoulder dystocia, placental abruption are handled and taken care of by the obstetricians as well. So ‘Obstetricians’ are the one person in case of any complications during the gestational period.

• Prenatal care
• Foetal assessment
• Incurrent diseases
• Induction and labour
• Complications and emergencies
• Postnatal care

Track 11: Contraception:

Various Methods and devices used to prevent pregnancy are known as birth control or contraception.  Birth control is not only used in case of unwanted pregnancies but it is also used in cases where pregnancy is proved to be fatal to the foetus as well as the mother. It also save the people from getting affected by sexually transmitted diseases. Contraception also plays a essential role in family planning as well. It affects demographics like population control, population density and so on. Birth control also helps in increasing economic growth of a country by decreasing the number of dependent children, more women in the working sector and less use of scarce resources. Nowadays in the market, various kinds of contraception are available both for men and women that have long term and short term effects respectively. While some contraceptions are permanent, others are temporary. Among the permanent ways of contraception, sterilization is one of them which are vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in females. Among the non-permanent methods of contraception there are emergency contraception pills, patches, vaginal rings, injections, intrauterine devices.

Track 12: Cervical Cancer :

Cervix is the lower part of the uterus which opens into the vagina. When the abnormal cells of the cervix grow out of control, cervical cancer occurs. Cervical cancer can be detected in the early stages by a test called ‘Pap test’. Mostly cervical cancer is caused by a virus known as Human Papillomavirus or HPV. There are many types of HPV. however  every kind of symptoms does not mean that cervical cancer. Cervical cancers are mostly because of  smoking, usage of oral contraceptive pills and getting multiple pregnancies. The symptoms of cervical cancer include irregular bleeding from the vagina, pain in the lower abdomen, pain during sexual relations and abnormal vaginal discharge. Treatment that includes surgeries and chemotherapies has been proved to be successful in treating cervical cancer in the initial stages.

Track 13: Women’s Health and Family Planning:

Women’s health should be given highest care because they are the ones who bear the responsibility of carving a better tomorrow by giving birth to healthy individuals. In addition to this, in developed countries women mainly included in the country’s workforce to a large extent. Unprotected sex, unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases all add up to the factors of maternal mortality. In developed countries the life expectancy of women has improved but most women at an  older age experience diverse diseases like osteoporosis, arthritis, anaemia, cardiovascular diseases and etc. The sexual and reproductive health of the women is often ignored which leads to ovarian cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer and cervical cancer. Women should pay attension   to their health rather than ignore the symptoms. Family planning is another such issue which is directly linked to women’s health. Before conceiving or planning for a baby, the health conditions of the mother and the financial condition of the family should be estimated.

Track 14: Ethical Obligations In The Field of Gynecology:

Gynecology and Obstetrics Pathology deals with all of life’s major passages from birth, reproduction, aging, to death. It has seen major medical advancements and has created an unexpected ethical problem for our Society. So Government has to provide   basic needs of health and human rights for women, as well as Gynecologists have an ethical duty to be advocates for women’s health care. Social discrimination of women may further compromise women’s health. Concern for family welfare may take priority over individual health and also enhance their health risks.

Track 15: Breast Pathology and Management :

Breast disease  reason for   cysts, infections, lesions and lumps. Some of these diseases can be benign and   malignant. Mostly breast diseases and infections are Bacterial Mastitis, Fibrocystic Breast Disease, Chronic Sub-areolar Abscess, Tuberculosis of the breast, Actinomycosis of the breast and breast engorgement. The symptoms can be lumps in the breast region, inversion of the nipple, breast skin change and secretion from the breast. Nowadays many women are largely affected by breast cancer due to lifestyle pattern change. Major reasons for breast cancer include smoking, drinking alcohol, usage of oral contraceptive pills. Breast cancer can also be leads to uterine cancer and cervical cancer. Women from an early age should self examine themselves at regular intervals and have mammography regularly. Women above the age of 40 years and majorly menopausal women are at  a high  risk of suffering from breast cancer.

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Global Gynaecological Devices Market :

According to the report, the global gynecological devices market estimated for around USD 14.50 billion in 2015 and is expected to get roughly USD 19.50 by 2021, rising at a CAGR of about 5.0% between 2015 and 2021.

Based on hand instruments, the global gynecological devices market is divided into six types: vaginal speculum, tenaculum, curettes, trocars, biopsy forceps, others. In diagnostic imaging system segment, vaginal speculum was the important segment in 2015 and this segment will remain in uninterrupted growth during forecast periods due to the continuous rise in HPV virus infection and occurrence of cervical cancer across the globe.

North America is expected to eyewitness the highest growth within the estimate period due to the favorable healthcare infrastructure, high awareness levels, and favorable government initiatives in the U.S. on female cancer which include breast cancer, vaginal cancer, and cervical cancer. North America has been the most important regional consumer market for gynecology devices in 2015; it holds more than 40% of the global market by revenue. However, severe government regulation and delay in the approvals by regulatory authorities can control the growth and demand for gynecology device market. In addition, high literacy rate coupled with the increase in a number of health care centers are likely to drive the growth of the gynecological devices market.

Asia Pacific is to be the second-largest region in conditions of gynecology devices revenue generation. It is expected to expand at a CAGR of 5.0% from 2015 to 2021. Asia Pacific is likely to be the fastest regional part for the gynecology devices market in 2015 within the forecast period due to the swift spread of gynecological disorder in this region. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer accounts for deaths of more than 270,000 women each year, primarily in the developing countries. The growing number of medical sector and literacy rate in developing countries like China and India is likely to bring growth avenues in gynecology device market.

Growing percentage of the geriatric female population measured as a major driving factor for the growth of gynecology device market in Europe. This region is probable to witness the continuous growth on account of increasing healthcare expenditure in France, Germany and other European countries with the constant rise in gynecological disorder population.  .

Based on the product type, the global market is divided into gynaecological imaging devices, surgical devices, and hand instruments. Surgical devices dominated the market with major share in 2015. High usage of endoscopy devices and female contraceptives is the factor which can be attributable to the major share.

The need for highly durable and simply autoclavable surgical instruments has been growing increasingly owing to the growing number of surgical methods globally. Advancement in technology and introduction of highly efficient devices which can give quick and precise diagnosis and minimize the operating time are the factors expected to give enhance to the market growth in the upcoming years.

Global Gynecological Devices Market: Surgical Device Analysis

Gynecological Endoscopy Devices

Endometrial Ablation Devices

Fluid Management Systems

Female Sterilization And Contraceptive Devices

Global Gynecological Devices Market: Hand Instruments Analysis

Vaginal Speculum

Tenaculum

Curettes

Trocars

Biopsy Forceps

Others

Global Gynecological Devices Market: Diagnostic Imaging System Analysis

Ultrasound

Mammography

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